What are the two phases of the stress response?

What are the two phases of the stress response?

• A. Acute and chronic response
• B. Early and late reaction
• C. Immediate stress response and delayed stress response
• D. Primary and secondary response

Answer: (C)

The two phases being described are the immediate stress response and the delayed stress response. Right after a stressor appears, the body rapidly activates the sympathetic nervous system, dumping adrenaline and other catecholamines into circulation. This quick burst boosts heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, and energy availability to prepare for rapid action. That’s the immediate response—fast, short-lived, and neural-driven. Then, over minutes to hours, the body engages the delayed stress response through the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. Cortisol and other glucocorticoids are released, providing longer-term adjustments: mobilizing energy stores, modulating metabolism, affecting immune function, and helping the body maintain readiness if the stress continues. This phase supports sustained coping but can have adverse effects if it becomes chronic. Other wording like acute versus chronic or early versus late isn’t as precise for describing these two distinct, time-based phases of the stress response, whereas immediate and delayed captures the fast neural activation followed by slower hormonal regulation.

The two phases being described are the immediate stress response and the delayed stress response. Right after a stressor appears, the body rapidly activates the sympathetic nervous system, dumping adrenaline and other catecholamines into circulation. This quick burst boosts heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, and energy availability to prepare for rapid action. That’s the immediate response—fast, short-lived, and neural-driven.

Then, over minutes to hours, the body engages the delayed stress response through the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. Cortisol and other glucocorticoids are released, providing longer-term adjustments: mobilizing energy stores, modulating metabolism, affecting immune function, and helping the body maintain readiness if the stress continues. This phase supports sustained coping but can have adverse effects if it becomes chronic.

Other wording like acute versus chronic or early versus late isn’t as precise for describing these two distinct, time-based phases of the stress response, whereas immediate and delayed captures the fast neural activation followed by slower hormonal regulation.